Descriptive Essay About My Grandmother - 1010 Words

My grandmother was a tough lady. At just over five feet tall, she was the kind of woman that you saw on the street and knew to move out of her way. Her demeanor was strict, her hands tied with thick blue veins, criss ­crossing over her thin, frail fingers. I remember holding her hands as a child, how delicate and soft they seemed and yet that never made them seem any less worn or sturdy. Her hands told stories of different times, of different worlds and hardships. She had grown up worlds away from me, in a different land, at a different time, in an era and a life that I would never know. My grandmother had stories. But, she never told stories. Her stories were in the way she ate — she savored her food, cherished it. Often she would be†¦show more content†¦She was seldom outwardly affectionate. She didn’t need to be. When I wrapped my arms around her small frame, afraid I would break her, she responded with a strength disproportionate to her size. She held tightly, like she was holding on for dear life, and then she let go, she smiled and she moved on. My grandmother was an intelligent woman. She had little schooling, but she had run businesses. She had managed on her own, with a husband and sons, in a country that didn’t care for her or her culture, but only for their aggrandized version of it. Her experiences were rightful cause to be jaded and hard, and yet she saw brightness and she saw brightness in me. She saw the great things in life, she loved hard and appreciated the little things — us going for a walk together or just sitting in the sun on a warm day. My grandmother’s stories were in her complaints. My grandmother complained about petty things: things that I would complain about. But she never complained about life and she never complained about pain. My grandmother had developed a brain tumor, which when removed, removed much of her immediate memory. For a long time, she didn’t remember my name. She had no idea who I was. But she tried and she learned. She understood perseverance and the importance of people and she carried on against all odds. The last time I spoke to her, she knew exactly who I was, despiteShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay About My Grandmother1286 Words   |  6 PagesMy grandmother passed away when I was in third grade. She was diagnosed with lung cancer and had been struggling with the sickness for a couple of years before her passing. I remember visiting her on the weekend so we could spend time with her. As her illness increased and the closer to death she got, my family and I would visit her more often. The day she passed away, I remember being called out of class and collecting my things. My sisters’ and I sat in the Principal’s office while my mother wasRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Grandmother824 Words   |  4 PagesMy grandma has always been my best friend ever since I could speak.Saturday was the best day of the week. We walked into Steak and Shake, while the smell of grease filli ng our noses. We would chat about anything as we waited for our food, but we didn’t order milkshakes. After that, we went right across the street to Coldstone, and I got a cotton candy ice cream with gummy bears. The ice cream was sweet and creamy. We moved over to Starbucks where coffee and we talked with my aunt about anything youRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Grandmother1334 Words   |  6 PagesMy father is of both Italian and French decent. My grandmother arrived on Ellis Island in 1909 with her nine siblings. My mother is also of Italian decent with her ancestors arriving on Ellis Island in 1899 from Naples Italy. I am the first born (1960) of a stereotypical, outspoken, boisterous Italian/French Catholic family. I have two sisters Jannine (1962) and Yvonne (1964). From the time I can remember, there was laughing, loud talking, hand waving, hugging and kissing with an abundance of unconditionalRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Grandmother1795 Words   |  8 PagesLast night my grandmother, Kasper, or Kas for short, passed away. She was 79 years old. Which I guess is a pretty long time so I guess I can’t complain. But, It still sucks. My grandma’s death wasn’t unexpected. For the past few years she’s suffered from Alzheimer’s. She was always a little loopy, so at first no one really noticed something was wrong. Then slowly over time, things became more profound. She started walking into rooms and not remembering why she was there. Making the wrong dishRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Great Grandmother803 Words   |  4 Pageswas very supportive in my life. They believed in me even when I didn t believe in myself. However, one person that I loved so much was my great grandmother, Bobbie Alger. She married Robert Alger (a military man) at a very young age and they were happily married until he died before I was born. My parents loved Robert and decided to name me after him. So, they named me Kyle Robert Phillippi. This has always meant so much to me. My great grandma is now 92 years old and is my biggest role model. BobbieRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Great Grandmother1023 Word s   |  5 PagesFamily history is very important to me. It teaches me about my ancestors, family background, culture, heritage, and generations of traditions. By knowing where I came from, helps me have a better perspective of my life. Having a clear understanding on my family background allows me to know how deep my family’s roots are, and it brings me closer to self discovery. Family has always been important to me, especially my great grandmother. Great grandmothers are known for always being the backbones of familiesRead MoreNarrative and Descriptive Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pages Compare-Contrast Essay Eng121: English Composition I (AXC13480) Regina McKinney Professor: Nancy Segovia January 1, 2014 A narrative essay is about storytelling for a narrative story to work it must capture and hold the audience attention you must give a clear understanding of your story. A descriptive essay lets you describe in detail what the essay is all about using words that appeal to your sense of smell, hearing, see, touch, and taste. A descriptive essay lets you use words thatRead MoreEssay about Comparison Contrast1033 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 2 Scott Momaday’s â€Å"The Way to Rainy Mountain† and Bobbie Ann Mason’s â€Å"Being Country† are two the texts to be compared. Though they share similarities, they too are quite different. They both share similar topics, in that they are two stories of cultures, but written from different perspectives of their cultures. Momaday is from the Kiowas tribe of the plains of Oklahoma, and Mason from a farm in Mayfield, Kentucky. Both exhibit some comparisons, but mostly contrasts throughoutRead MoreNarrative Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesThe Narrative Essay *What is a Narrative Essay? †¢ Narrative writing tells a story. In essays, the narrative writing could also be considered reflection or an exploration of the authors values told as a story. The author may remember his or her past, or a memorable person or event from that past, or even observe the present. †¢ The author may write about: -An experience or event from his or her past. -A recent or ongoing experience or event. Read MoreAnalysis Of O Connor s A Good Man 869 Words   |  4 Pages My first reaction to â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to find† was that of sadness and I felt that it was tragic of what happened to the family in the story. I felt really bad for the grandma because no one seemed to be pleased with her or listen to her. I felt like the son was almost tired of dealing with his own mom, or that is the feeling I got from his reactions to her. Even the children did not seem to respect the old lady. O’Connor’s story was very descriptive. Throughout the whole story there were

Discuss the different kinds of humour in the play. Is it...

Discuss the different kinds of humour in the play. Is it effective today? What is its purpose? Much ado about nothing is a comedy written by William Shakespeare. There are many kinds of humour in the play. The first kind of humour we come across is the skirmishes of wit between Beatrice and Benedick. Beatrice and Benedick are both sarcastic people and incidentally are sarcastic about each other. Sarcasm is a very good kind of humour, which is still effective to this day. Many people understand sarcasm and its a good way of putting a point across. The main purpose of sarcasm is probably mockery. Sarcasm is usually used when you say something that you dont mean literally, the point of this particular sarcasm is to tell the†¦show more content†¦In this quote Dogberry is talking about the watch talking and not paying attention to their duty and so here he means to say intolerable. Again he says you, constable, are to present the princes own person this is funny again as he misses out a key part of the word in which he is meaning to say represent. This humour with Dogberry continues constantly through the play. It is still effective today because we have an understanding of what he means to say and so it comes across as funny where as in Shakespeares time it may not as been as funny as many people would have been poorly educated and so wouldnt perhaps understand. The main purpose of this is just basically adding a bit of extra humour to the play. The final kind of humour in the play is probably deceit. This is where towards the end of the play Beatrice and Benedick are fooled by their friends into believing that they both love each other. Margaret and Hero leave notes for Beatrice pretending them to be from Benedick telling Beatrice how much he loves her. Whereas Don Pedro and Claudio do the same for Benedick. They also leave notes for them both to meet up at the same time. Both Beatrice and Benedick start to believe it and change their views on each other. This is funny to the audience as they get to see how both Beatrice and Benedick ponder about these love letters they haveShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Television On The Consumer Behavior And Reception Of A Consumer1602 Words   |  7 Pagesof the reasons being that, we have been surrounded by advertising throughout all of our lives, and it is no longer a novelty (Heath, 2012, p7). This essay will discuss how the above the line medium of television can potentially effect the behaviour and reception of a consumer with reference to advertisement examples. I will look at different elements that cause the adverts to effect the consumer including; memory, repetition, emotion and mo tivation. My choice in focusing on television advertisementsRead MoreWhat Are the Difficulties of Translating Humour from English Into Spanish Using the Subtitled British Comedy Sketch Show Little Britain as a Case Study?12271 Words   |  50 PagesTRANSLATING HUMOUR FROM ENGLISH INTO SPANISH USING THE SUBTITLED BRITISH COMEDY SKETCH SHOW LITTLE BRITAIN AS A CASE STUDY? Charles Harrison BA (Honours) Applied Languages University of Portsmouth School of Languages and Area Studies Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences March 2012 Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Chapter 1: Humour and Subtitling†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 1.1 What is Humour?..........Read MoreContemporary Management Issues9330 Words   |  38 Pagesresearch investigating these expressions of resistance, however, we have identified an interesting tension, or paradox, regarding their effectiveness as forms of opposition. Some commentators have argued that resistance articulated in the form of humour, irony and cynicism may have the paradoxical outcome of inadvertently reproducing the domination workers seek to escape because they are given a specious and illusionary sense of freedom and disengage from more ‘material and traditionally locatedRead MoreThe Ideal Image Of Nuclear Family And How I Met Your Mother 2504 Words   |  11 Pagestime. Among many TV programs such as ‘Simpsons’, ‘F is for family’ and ‘How I met your mother’, ‘Modern Family’ is a representative show dealing with modern family types and values. It is a domestic TV sitcom of ABC, featuring the lives of three different types of fictional families. Apart from the humorous stories, it becomes very popular because of suggesting that friendly characters are easy to relate to real life. It shows innovative aspects of family structures including a gay couple with anRead MoreThe Method Of Constructing Meaning From Print And From Other Symbols1853 Words   |  8 PagesReading is the procedure of constructing meaning from print and from other symbols (Hill, 2012, p. 161). It plays an important role in people’s daily lives. Without reading properly, people will be struggled in common duties, for example, responding to messages or reading newspapers. Through readings, children can receive a wide range of information around the world, for instance, children can enhance their vocabulary list and know more about this world so it is important that teachers help studentsRead MoreSupport Children and Young People with Behaviour Emotional and Social Development Needs3741 Words   |  15 Pagesal low a child to learn to deal with different situations. Sadly, for some children their home circumstances or the way in which they are brought up can be lacking in several areas, for many reasons such as poverty, lone parenting, religion etc. There are children who experience lack of interest and attention and sometimes worse violence and abuse, such things are likely to develop into social, behavioural and emotional difficulties. Families will have different views on the expectations of a child’sRead MoreEssay on Celta Pre Interview Task3878 Words   |  16 Pages * Developed literacy and thinking skills * Personal characteristics * Self-discipline * Values and beliefs * An ability to reflect on their learning * Learning styles * Varying levels of confidence and self-esteem * Different levels of motivation * Anxieties * Status or ‘face’ Task 3 1. You usually find out about: * Their job or studies * Their language learning experience up till now * How long * How often * What language learning activitiesRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 PagesEvents of any kind, of course, inevitably involve people, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to be the representation of characters in action, though as we will see the action involved can be internal and psychological as well as external and physical. In order for a plot to begin, some kind of catalyst isRead MoreUnderstanding Relationships Essay examples4090 Words   |  17 Pagesto a 14-year-old in the same way as a 3-year-old is obviously not going to work. Reassurance and approval are important as children are beginning to develop an awareness of themselves, and it is important that their self-concept is a positive one. Play workers give reassurance and approval by smiling, praising or simply being alongside children as they try out something new. Children are quick to sense adults who are willing to spend the time listening properly to them. In this phase of childhoodRead MoreDoes Advertising Create Artificial Wants?2619 Words   |  11 PagesESSAY QUESTION Does advertising create artificial wants? Your answer should discuss John Kenneth Galbraith’s ‘dependence effect’ and F.A.Hayek’s response. Nowadays, the media’s power is indisputable and it is not accidental that it is called the fourth estate. That power represents the possibility to exert influence on people’s behavior. Nowadays one very hot and disputed issue is the advertisement effect on the consumers’ buying behavior. Well prepared campaign can influence consumer decisions

Prayer By Thomas Keating, Contemplative Prayer - 1515 Words

Introduction According to Thomas Keating, â€Å"Contemplative prayer is a conversation initiated by God and leading, if we consent to a divine union. It is the way to pure faith.† Unlike with vocal prayers, in which we call out to God asking for things we need, with contemplative prayer our role is to allow God to be God. In other words, God directs Contemplative prayer, His grace opens our hearts and minds to the His presence inside us. Consequently, contemplative prayer begins with a centering prayer, which is a silent prayer that prepares us to receive the gift of contemplative prayer. Keating noted that, â€Å"Centering prayer is an effort to renew the teaching of the Christian tradition of contemplative prayer.† Similar to other methods of prayer, the foundation of centering prayer is the Triune God. Keating noted that, â€Å"The practice is based on the wisdom saying of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount.† The scripture reads, â€Å"But when you pray, go to your inner room, close the door and pray to your Father in secret. And your Father, who sees in secret, will reward you† (Matt. 6:6). Practicing contemplative prayer will strengthen our spiritual commitment and enrich our personal lives. I will discuss the origin, methods and benefits of contemplative prayer. Origin of Contemplative Prayer For centuries, the definition for contemplation evolved. According to Keating, â€Å"Gnosis was used by St. Paul in the Epistles to represent the knowledge of God proper to those who

Comparison of Upanishads and Buddhism - 598 Words

The Upanishads and Buddhism believe in a â€Å"truer wisdom.† These are both pantheistic and monistic religions. Pantheistic doctrines consider all things to be divine, meanwhile monistic doctrines consider there to be one divine reality that all finite things are simply modes or appearances of (Livingston, â€Å"Deity: Concepts of The Divine And Ultimate Reality†, Page 163). The Vedas, the Bhagavad Gita and most western religions, have a different view on divine reality and salvation. These religions are mainly either polytheistic or monotheistic. Polytheistic doctrines consider there to be many gods and deities worthy of worship, but because it is a kind of theism, not all gods and deities are worshipped to an equal amount. Monotheistic doctrines consider there to be one transcendent, personal God. The Upanishads believe in Brahman, but Brahman is not actually an individual or a thing, it just exists. Brahman is one’s absolute self. Atman is a part of Brahman, but Atman is one’s non-material self, their soul. Brahman and Atman are not distinct, but are identical and are timeless and eternal (Livingston, â€Å"Deity: Concepts of The Divine And Ultimate Reality†, Page 169). In order to thrive in this religion’s divine reality, one must reach Brahman and enter into a state of perfect emptiness and inexpressible bliss (Livingston, â€Å"Soteriology: Ways And Goals Of Salvation†, Page 312). Buddhism affirms the practice of meditation and reaching liberation from your unreal self, also known asShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Hinduism And Buddhism863 Words   |  4 PagesPHIL 2120 Paper #1 Xinyang Wang Comparison of Permanence between Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism and Buddhism have common origins in the Ganges culture of northern India around 500 BCE. We have to admit that they share a lot of similarities, but also involve tons of differences. For example, as Hinduism claims that Atman is Brahman, Buddhism reject the existence of Atman. Hindus think that the way to becoming enlightened is to union with God, but Buddhists pursue a throughout understanding of theRead More Hinduism Essay841 Words   |  4 Pages-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- November 19, 1997 By Jordan Bruins Buddhism/Hinduism Comparison Report Hinduism is the oldest known religion and is very rich with literally hundreds of gods, symbolistic rituals and beliefs. It is believed to have been established around 1500 B.C. but no one person founded Hinduism as it evolved over a long period of time. Buddhism on the other hand has a definite founder, Siddhartha Gautama who is otherwise known as the Buddha orRead MoreIslam, Hinduism, Buddhism And Christianity Comparison1025 Words   |  5 PagesPractices of Hinduism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Christianity Comparison Hinduism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Christianity developed centuries ago and have been practiced since then to today. Groups of people who practice these religions are bound to the conventional norms, beliefs, cultures and way of life of each. Each religion has a particular faith in a supreme being (Woodhead, Partridge Kawanami, 2016). Muslims believe in Allah, Christians believe in Jesus Christ, Hindus believe inRead More The Historical Context of The Bhagavad Gita and Its Relation to Indian Religious Doctrines2505 Words   |  11 Pagesdefinitely the most widely-read, ethical text of ancient India. As an episode in Indias great epic, the Mahabharata, The Bhagavad Gita now ranks as one of the three principal texts that define and capture the essence of Hinduism; the other two being the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras. Though this work contains much theology, its kernel is ethical and its teaching is set in the context of an ethical problem. The teaching of The Bhagavad Gita i s summed up in the maxim your business is with the deed and notRead MoreHinduism And Buddhism : Diversity And World Cultures1021 Words   |  5 Pages8/12/2015 Introduction I have chosen Hinduism and Buddhism as the two religions for this assignment. With religion being such an intricate part of many cultures, I found these religions most interesting due to their similarity. Both of these religions originated in the subcontinent of India, these religions have had an awkward relationship that can be compared to Christianity and Judaism. The belief is that Buddhism is an off shoot of the Hindu religion. My goal is to address the questionsRead MoreWorld Religion : Judaism, Hinduism, And Islam Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst glance and hearing about, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam these five religions-look and sound a lot alike. Each one was founded and developed by mankind, follow a list of religious principles and directives to live by, and they all share the same consciousness of wrong doings being reconciled. Because anyone can strike up a new religion at any time, however, religion cannot be judged on how it looks or sounds . As a comparison we will see just how different these religionsRead MoreBuddhism and Islam: A Comparison3045 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Buddhism and Islam: A Comparison Abstract In this essay, I have made a comparison between the two most renowned worlds religions i.e. Buddhism and Islam. In the beginning of the essay, I have given a detailed account of Buddhism and Islam to give a basic knowledge regarding the two faiths. In the next part, I have given a comprehensive comparison of the two religions highlighting their similarities and differences. Introduction Two of the most famous and major religions followed by people inRead MoreThe Concept of Yagna and Vedic Cultural Values1545 Words   |  6 Pageshim (Vesci 109). It is actually intriguing to consider that Vedic tradition promoted domestic animals as being different from wild animals when taking into account the idea of sacrifice. The former are apparently more important as a sacrifice in comparison to the latter because they actually belong to individuals and are a direct statement that the respective people actually want to perform Yajna. Yajna is meant to induce intense feelings in people, especially considering that the fact that theyRead MoreHinduism : A Model For Religious Toleration Essay2153 Words   |  9 Pages regularly illustrating its inclusive nature and holistic perspective of the world throughout history. Buddhism, for instance, is a reformed, sub-religion of Hinduism that was created by those unsatisfied with the direction of the Hindu faith at the time. Determined to stay relevant during this realignment, the Hindu religion then incorporated many of the basic ideals and practices of Buddhism into its own, once again securing its status as the majority religion within India. This paper will firstRead MoreEssay on Hinduism1657 Words   |  7 Pagesreligion combines rich ethnical and standard beliefs. We will take a closer look and try to understand the Hindu religion and culture. The Hindu religion is the oldest religion of the five major religions, which are Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, and Hinduism (Major World Religions, 2006). The Hindu religion began to develop about 4.000 years ago in India, but it there was no single founder or system of belief (Major World Religions, 2006). There are many diverse and various Gods in the

Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives. Answer: Introduction: Continuing business within the society is a major concern for several scholars as well as business practitioners. It is the corporate sectors where the use of corporate sustainability is increasing day by day, even organisations that deal with environmental issues and the business consultancies are organisations which make use of corporate sustainability. Using corporate sustainability, organisation mainly makes proper justification over different sustainable strategies that are necessary for running a successful business (Bhattacharya et al 2009). With the help of corporate social responsibility, business organisations are trying to do good for the people of the society. Still for business organisations profit making is their main aim. Even business companies intend to carry out business reflecting their values over socially responsible practices. But, for the last few years, business organisations have experienced a huge rate of turnover on the corporate control so that companies a re able to impose vast change in the different corporate strategy that the companies followed. It is necessary for both business companies and organisations that they indulge into different socially responsible activities and carry out different important activities in the business market to determine different external factors that throw effect on the performance of business organisations (Carroll,et al 2010). An Introduction to Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability Corporate social responsibility is a kind of business practice that involves types of business initiatives which after use by the business organisations would be beneficial for the society. In order to carry out sustainable business practices, companies get indulge into corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility has now become very important to follow so that companies are able to make a move forward in their business developing a shared value for their business (Carroll,1999). In practical terms corporate social responsibility highlights different types of policies, practices and initiatives making use of which a company like Cadbury Plc is able to regulate different types of business activities with enough amount of transparency and honesty so that the companies business activity throw positive impact and increases its social and mental well being. Corporate sustainability is a very essential business approach that helped Cadbury Plc to make in long term customers and increase the employees value to create sustainable business strategy. Corporate sustainability is essential for business success and it insists company professionals to develop different types of professional skills so that they are able to increase social goodness of their business (Du et al 2010). Limitation of the study Limitation set for the research is the different literary materials made available for understanding the concept of the research. The research is limited to different other secondary sources which are relevant to the topic. It is limited to a particular time scale and budget may be within which would not be possible to complete the research on Corporate Social Responsibility. Aim of research The aim of this research is to look in how Corporate Social Responsibility is able to business companies operate within a social, cultural and economical environment. Also this research aims to highlights the importance of companies to carry out business functions following green business strategy (Jenkins 2009). Body Getting involved into different social responsible practices is necessary for Cadbury Plc so that they are able to make successful contribution for the development of the society in which they are running business. Giving vale to different social responsible practices a roadway open for the company to establish a positive word of mouth communication in order to take up the business o a high level but make sure that the company attempts long term growth and success (Lindgreen et al 2010). With help of corporate social responsibility, companies like Cadbury Plc is able to make their brand popular in the business market among not only in- front of all its business competitors, but also in front of the media, direct customers and other organisations which are operating within the same community. Getting indulge into socially responsible practices, company staffs are able to strengthen their professional bond with other senior officials of the company. Getting indulge into socially responsible practices employees of the company are able to develop a sense of loyalty and develop closeness for their organisation. This simply increases the commitment of the employees and gradually the production of the organisation increases. Also with the help of positive word of mouth communication companies are able to expand the sales platform of the organisation. Further, by getting indulge into socially responsible practices Cadbury Plc is able to handle work pressure which enhance the reputation of the company in the business market. Further, it is very essential to state that by carrying out socially responsible practices Cadbury Plc is able to develop eminent business sense and develop a symbiotic relationship with the entire environmental component (McGuire et 1988). According to the Commission report, Cadbury PLC by indulging into socially responsible practices is able to expand the share values of their shareholders which is important for mitigating negative impact of the company on society. An attempt has been made by the European Parliament for the purpose of analysing the concept of corporate social responsibility. From the current legal framework of corporate social responsibility the likelihood of shareholders is easily determined. From different research evidence, information has been gathered that by indulging in socially responsible practices companies are able to develop a link between capitalism in order to increase the business profit of the company as well as improve the corporate behaviour of the company (Sturdivant 1977). Socially responsible practices is helping Cadbury Plc to develop a strong relationship with their customers and avoid making fake promises or commitments so that customers do trust on the company and intend to buy products insisting others to do the same. Often companies and organisations forget about the existing customers of their company, but the value of indulging in socially responsible practices by companies is to carry out after sal es service for ensuring long term growth in order to bring in increased amount of profit to the company. Conclusion This report overall highlights the value of indulging into socially responsible practices so that a strong reputation of the company is maintained. With the help of corporate social responsibility companies develop sustainable business strategy making use of which the company operates culturally and economically well in the competitive business market (Bhattacharya et al 2009). Reference Bhattacharya, C. B., Korschun, D., Sen, S. (2009). Strengthening stakeholdercompany relationships through mutually beneficial corporate social responsibility initiatives.Journal of Business Ethics, 85(2), 257-272. Carroll, A. B., Shabana, K. M. (2010). The business case for corporate social responsibility: A review of concepts, research and practice. International journal of management reviews, 12(1), 85-105. Carroll, A.B. (1999) Corporate social responsibility: Evolution Corporate social responsibility and firm financial debate: Twenty five years of incomparable research. Du, S., Bhattacharya, C. B., Sen, S. (2010). Maximizing business returns to corporate social responsibility (CSR): The role of CSR communication. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 8-19. Jenkins, H. (2009). A business opportunitymodel of corporate social responsibility for small?and medium?sized enterprises.Business ethics: A European review, 18(1), 21-36. Kingdom and the United States, Journal of Business Ethics, 56: 1526. Lindgreen, A., Swaen, V. (2010).Corporate social responsibility.International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 1-7. McGuire, J.B., Sundgren, A. and Schneeweis, T. (1988) Corporate social responsibility and firm financial performance. Academy of Management Journal 31(4), 854872. Sturdivant, F.D. and Ginter, J.L. (1977) Corporate social responsiveness management attitudes and economic performance. California Management Review 19(3), 3039.

Eminem in society free essay sample

Mine was a very Influential rapper In the sasss to many young adults and teenagers. This mainly came about because of the harsh childhood he had and they nasty family background he had. Many people criticized Mine for his work but even through doubt he chose to keep following his dream and rapping to the kids who had Just as much as he had growing up. Many of his songs will use humor or comedy to hide the thoughts of depression he had as a kid.As he fought through the early stages of his career, many critics said he was to violent in his wording, when ally, when those words are looked at more in depth, you will find a story of a young boy Just trying to fit In and living a below average lifestyle. Here are few examples of what the famous rapper we know today had to experience as a child/ teen. We will write a custom essay sample on Eminem in society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In his music Mine wrote about his unstable family background in an unusually harsh way, which gave him a unique type of publicity.In a society where mainly African- American rappers were predominant, Mine was considered one of the first successful Caucasian rappers of the age, because he could relate to the lower parts of society. A new type of music was up and coming in the sasss which was rap. Graffiti, break-dancing, and harsh rhymes summarized the music of this time. Many people dont understand the way rappers used their words and mean lines that were often offensive. But people found this as a way to express themselves (Section 4 Hip-Hop).People with the experience of middle to low class, such as Mine, were able to relate with the other people of the lower classes who were going through struggles. Rappers used their songs to Justify the inequalities of society, as in upper and lower lass. A major political Issue was the Klux Klux Klan (ASK)_ They were terrorizing blacks, and since Mine was acquaintances with some African-American rappers this took an emotional toll on Mine. Mine was born on October 17th, 1972. He is an American rapper of Scottish-American descent that lives in there suburbs of Detroit.As a child Mine never really had a stable home or family. He moved from place to place after his dad abandoned him, because that was all his mom could afford. As he moved from home to home he was a major victim of bullying. He was once major Injured in a bullying incident and later wrote about that incident (Mine Lab). During his childhood he really TLD have much. Part of the reason he moved house to house was because his mother couldnt afford to maintain a steady household. His father abandoned him and his family at a young age; he has not tried to contact his dad since. His mom took prescription drugs legally but mine claimed that his mom over-dosed on these drugs. Mine had troubles in school as a kid and therefore dropped out, but not until he met a rapper named proof and a girl named Kim who loud go on to be his future wife. Things were slow for Mine in the beginning, and he was heavily criticized for the things he was rapping. People said he sounded too much Like other rappers as well (Mine Lab).Mine doesnt rap Like normal rappers, he raps about personal struggles and problems he faced In his childhood and with his life as an aspiring artist. Growing up in the suburbs of Detroit, he 1 OFF until and older age. He had to face these challenges and move on, because if he didnt, he would Just get bullied for being a weak person in a tough crowd. On another note, normal rappers are all about the flashy, all gold everything approaches. Mine writes about things he witnessed and went through as a child.Drug use was his main focus in most of his songs but also he would mention his mother, growing up, and poking fun at America or celebrities (Mine Lab). In this Mine is saying that kids hear about what a famous figure or someone they take as their idol does and they want to imitate what they are doing. This is how kids grew up in lower-class suburban Detroit. In Sing for the Moment Mine says how kids idealize people and owe the words of songs come out to be a reflection of yourself. He says Thats why En sing for these kids, who dont have a thing, except for a dream, kids who post pin- up pictures on their walls all day long idealize they favorite rappers and know all they songs Also Mine says Just let our spirits live on, through our lyrics that you hear n our songs. By this he means let us be a reflection of what our lyrics are saying What Mine had a very testing life that had some ups, but they are overshadowed by the majority of downs he has faced in his career/ life. Many adversities have challenged him to be the rapper he is known to be today.

Management Control System Fairness Reduce †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Management Control System Fairness Reduce. Answer: Introduction: In the report, a situation of an organization has been described. A conversation between the program director and project manager has been shown in the video. As per the CEOs order, the program director is compelled to launch the product early through the development process but the project manager does not acknowledge the suggestion of the e program director. The project manager tries to reason with the program director that launching the project early without proper security measures can have irreversible implications. Hackers could undermine the entire project by launching a full scale attack compromising customer personal information. But the project director persists that if the project is finished earlier, the project manager can enjoy more bonus for himself and for the team. Moreover, he says that the encryption procedure can be applied through an update three weeks after. The project manager refuses to give in to the offer and does not accept the offer. The project director t hen calls up the CEO to state that the project manager is refusing to cooperate with their offer. The CEO and the project director then comes to a joint decision that the project manager should be removed and a new one should be brought in who is more compliable and easy to manage. The final consequences of the entire scenario is that the project manager was changed by the CEO which delayed the project completion life cycle. Several ethical problems in the project development has been highlighted in the YouTube video. A project should be completed without intervention if an organization initiates a project. Proper time, procedure and quality should be maintained for the project. The organization must satisfy the client with the cost, implementation and estimated time for the project (Shah, Harrold Sinha, 2014). The security problems in the completion of the project must be explained by the project director to the client. The project manager should explain to the project director that the team will be unable to complete the project in the given time (Langevin Mendoza, 2013). As the CEO has promised the client that the project will be completed before a month, the ethical problem arises from this issue. The project team should have been conducted by the CEO if the project could have been completed earlier. The project director has to understand the current condition of the project. Due to the early launch of the product the ethical problem rises. The CEO must have thought that the early submission of the project would have been beneficial for the company as it would have generated more revenues. The project manager should have told the team to handle the project a little bit faster with overtime. To perform the project with reliable quality and perfect manner, the team members should have been provided ample time and ease of mind to complete the project. The only people who are responsible for the project dilemma is the program director and CEO. The CEO should have not accepted the clients proposal and should not have accepted any excuses from them. The client was permissible to say their ideas to the without perfecting the product properly. It is the duty of the organization to check whether the members are working ethically. In the given video, the entity which performed unethically was the organisation itself (MARRCH, August 2015). The organization should have known if they can handle delivering a perfect product early. The clients, team members of the project and the project manager are the all affected by the problems. Due to the pressure from the CEO and the program director, first, the project manager will be affected. As the project manager has to allocate each and every task to his team members and adjust their processes, he will have face the most difficulty in this particular situation. The team members will be the next entity to get affected by the situation as they have to design the project allocated the project manager. The employees health is a major concern due to overwork which is the duty of the organization to look after (Payne, Jones Harris, 2013). The client can also get affected as the project manager strictly said that he wont comply with the CEOs claims (Yeslam Al-Saggaf, October 2016). The best action of the YouTube video is that the project manager ignores the words of the director and continue his work on the project. As the CEO and the program director warns to change the project manager and assign a new one, the process will be time consuming as he had to learn the technicalities of the project from the start. The CEO should talk to the client and pursue them that the project cannot be delivered according to their schedule. This will be beneficial for the company as in case a cyber-attack occurs on the product, the name of the organization will suffer along with the client. The other action that can follow is the total resignation of the entire team so that the CEO gets his product delayed inevitably. The team can not comply with the unethical behaviour of the organization. A meeting can be done by the CEO with the team members to analyse the issue properly (Miao et al. 2013). The best action of the project must be taken by the CEO himself. Talking with the client in an understanding way and telling them about the possible risks associated can be done by only the CEO himself. As per the consequences shown in the video, the best option was to remove the project manager from the team and appoint a new one who will not have as much knowledge about the project as he has so the organization will suffer. The stakeholder affected in this situation is the project manager but the real stakeholder affected is the organization whose product delivery date will be delayed. The quality, time and cost of the project implicates the best option. Utilizing the best option will result in the project manager doing the project perfectly without hampering the project quality (Frederickson Ghere, 2013). If he delivers the project early, the quality of the project will not be as per the standards and can have serious implication due to lack of proper security measures. Due to less time, the project cost will rise (Jackson, Kumbhakern Leech, 2013). The project manager chose the best option as the estimated cost, time and quality will never vary. Conclusion To conclude the report, it can be stated that the organization should prevent these types of issues during the time of signing contract in the agreement paper with the client. During the initiation of the project, the client should state if they need the product early. The CEO as well as the program director should firmly comply with the deadline date of per the agreement. If the project is wanted earlier by the client, the quality of the project will suffer and not meet the required standards. References Frederickson, H. G., Ghere, R. K. (2013).Ethics in public management. ME Sharpe. Jackson, T. A., Kumbhakern, V., Leech, M. L. (2013).U.S. Patent Application No. 13/402,589. Langevin, P., Mendoza, C. (2013). How can management control system fairness reduce managers unethical behaviours?.European Management Journal,31(3), 209-222. MARRCH. (August 2015). ORGANIZATIONAL ETHICS AND PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY. https://www.marrch.org/?page=ethics_archive_0815 . Miao, Q., Newman, A., Yu, J., Xu, L. (2013). The relationship between ethical leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior: Linear or curvilinear effects?.Journal of Business Ethics,116(3), 641-653. Payne, N., Jones, F., Harris, P. R. (2013). Employees perceptions of the impact of work on health behaviours.Journal of health psychology,18(7), 887-899. Shah, H., Harrold, M. J., Sinha, S. (2014). Global software testing under deadline pressure: Vendor-side experiences.Information and Software Technology,56(1), 6-19. Yeslam Al-Saggaf. (October 2016). Scenario 3: Early Launch. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5M7ohdZ6qA .

Mother Of Invention Essays - Thomas Edison, Deists, General Electric

Mother Of Invention Necessity is the mother of invention? or is it? The real mother of invention is not necessity, but curiosity. From the discovery of electricity, the invention of the light bulb, car, airplane, and air conditioning to Global Positioning Satellite systems curiosity has been the reason behind the invention. One of the greatest discoveries ever was the discovery of electricity. Ben Franklin has been given the most credit for the discovery of electricity. Before the legendary kite experiment in 1752 electricity was a known force of nature, but it had not been thoroughly studied. Even after that Franklin did not know what potential his discovery of electricity had. It is said that he once tried to kill a Christmas turkey with electricity, but accidentally made contact with the current and received a nice shock. As time progressed Franklin created more and more electrical devices including the battery and the lightening rod (Thinkquest.org). These inventions were discovered through theories and hypothesis that Franklin thought might be true and he tried them and they worked. All of these things are nice, and today people probably would have difficulty living without them, but at the time in the mid-1700's people had no need for electricity. There is another wonderful invention called the incandescent light bulb. Thomas Edison was a professional inventor. He wanted to see if he could create a better way to light a home that with candles or lamps. And so Edison invented the incandescent light bulb. Edison tried to come out with an invention every ten days. This invention came about in October 1879 (Thomas Edison birthplace Museum). Although people wanted another way to light their homes they did a fine job by using torches and lamps. They had a want for something better, but not a need for a light bulb. The invention of the air conditioning unit is a very popular one here in Phoenix. This again was not a necessity; in fact even today it is not a necessity it is actually a luxury. In 1902, after earning a Master's degree in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University Willis Carrier invented the first air conditioner. He wanted to see if there was a more efficient way of cooling air and making the air cleaner than what the current ventilation systems could do. This was a great invention because before the air conditioner people had good ventilation systems to cool off buildings and this worked somewhat. The air that came in would smell like the vents and the air wasn't really cooled. But with the air conditioning not only could you control the air temperature, but you could also control the humidity. This was good for scientific experiments (MIT's Invention Demention website). Even though the air conditioning was a great invention, it is not a necessity. People can and do live with out air conditioning units in both cars and homes, they may sweat a lot but they do live. Another great invention was that of the car. At the time that the car was invented people got around by horse and carriage, or by foot. This was the socially accepted means of travel and people did not need anything more than a way to get from point a to point b. In 1896 Henry Ford built his first automobile. Ford wanted to see if he could make a faster means of travel. In 1903 Ford established the Ford Motor Company. He revolutionized the world with his assembly lines, and the low cost of his cars. His first car the Model T is very well known and for around $200 was affordable. Ford paid their workers an unheard of $5 a day which meant that a worker could afford to buy the cars that they made (National Inventors Hall of Fame website). Although I like my car a lot and I know that many people couldn't function without their cars, but when Ford invented the car if you wanted to get somewhere you either walked or you rode a horse making the car not a necessity. The invention of the airplane was a revolutionary one. The Wright brothers invented the airplane in 1903. The Wright's wanted to see if it was possible for man to

Crime Against Women Essay Example

Crime Against Women Essay In the ancient Indian women held a high place of respect in the society as mentioned in Rigveda and other scriptures. Volumes can be written about the status of our women and their heroic deeds from the vedic period to the modern times. But later on, because of social, political and economic changes, women lost their status and were elegated to the background. Many evil customs and traditions stepped in which enslaved the women and tied them to the boundaries of the house1. The official statistics showed a declining sex-ratio, health status, literacy rate, work participation rate and political participation among women. While on the other hand the spread of social evils like dowry deaths, child marriage, domestic violence, rape, sexual harassment, exploitation of women workers are rampant in different parts of India. Humiliation, rape, kidnapping, molestation, dowry death, torture, wife-beating etc. have grown up over the years2. 2. MEANING OF CRIME / VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN The Semantic meaning of crime against women is direct or indirect physical or mental cruelty to women. Crimes which are directed specifically against women and in which only women are victims are characterized as Crime against Women3. It is equally important to clarify the concept of violence against women. Violence is also known as abuse and include any sort of physical aggression or misbehave. When violence is committed at home it becomes domestic violence and involves family members such as children, spouse, parents or servants. Domestic violence may involve different means such as hitting, kicking, biting, shoving, restraining, throwing objects. We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Against Women specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Against Women specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Crime Against Women specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In broad terms, it includes threats, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, controlling or domineering, intimidation, stalking, passive/covert abuse and economic deprivation, rape, abduction, kidnapping, murder (all cases of criminal violence, dowry death, wife battering, sexual abuse, maltreatment of a widow and for an elderly women (all cases of domestic violence) and eve-teasing, forcing wife/daughter-in-law to go for foeticide, forcing a young widow to commit sati, etc (all cases of social violence), are issues which affect a large section of society4. Violence and Protective Measures for Women Development and Empowerment by Aruna Goel, New Delhi, Deep Deep Publications, 2004, pp. 3-4 2 Violence against Women and Children-Issues and Concerns, By Awadhesh Kumar Singh and Jayanta Choudhury, New Delhi, Serials Publications, 2012, p. 1 3 Ibid, p. 2 4 Ibid, 2012, pp. 2-3 The United Nations defined â€Å"Violence against Women† in 1993 in Declaration on the Elimination of Violence agai nst Women. It defines it as any act of gender -based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of uch acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life5. 3. CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL PROVISION FOR WOMEN The principle of gender equality is enshrined in the Indian Constitution in its Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles. The Constitution not only grants equality to women, but also empowers the State to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women for neutralizing the cumulative socio economic, education and political disadvantages faced by them. Within the framework of a democratic polity, our laws, development policies, Plans and programmes have aimed at women’s advancement in different spheres. India has also ratified various international convention and human rights instruments committing to secure equal rights of women. Key among them is the ratification of the Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in 19936. Constitutional Provisions for women are as under: vArticle 14, confers on men and women equal rights and opportunities in political, economic and social sphere. Article 15, prohibits, discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex etc. vArticle 16, provides for equality of opportunities matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the state. vArticle 39(a)(d), mentions policy security of state equality for both men and women the right to a means of livelihood and equal pay for equal work for both men and women. vArticle 42, Direct the State to make provision for ensuring just and humane conditions of work and m eternity relief. Legal Provisions for women are as under: Factories Act 1948: Under this Act, a woman cannot be forced to work beyond 8 hours and prohibits employment of women except between 6 A. M. and 7 P. M. vMaternity Benefit Act 1961: A Woman is entitled 12 weeks maternity leave with full wages. vThe Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961: Under the provisions of this Act demand of dowry either before marriage, during marriage and or after the marriage is an offence. vThe Equal Remuneration Act of 1976: This act provides equal wages for equal work: It provides for the payment of equal wages to both men and women workers for the same work or work of similar nature. It also prohibits discrimination against women in the matter of recruitment. vThe Child Marriage Restrain Act of 1976: This act raises the age for marriage of a girl to 18 years from 15 years and that of a boy to 21 years. vIndian Penal Code: Section 354 and 509 safeguards the interests of women. vThe Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1971: The Act safeguards women from unnecessary and compulsory abortions. vAmendments to Criminal Law 1983, which provides for a punishment of 7 years in ordinary cases and 10 years for custodial rape cases. 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act reserved 1/3rd seats in Panchayat and Urban Local Bodies for women. vThe National Commission for Women Act, 1990: The Commission was set up in January, 1992 to review the Constitutional and legal safeguards for women. vThe Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. vProtection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005: This Act protects women from any act/conduct/omission/commission that harms, injures or potential to harm, is to be considered as domestic violence. It protects the women from physical, sexual, emotional, verbal, psychological, economic abuse.. vProtection of Women against Sexual Harassment at Workplace Bill, 2010: on November 4, 2010, the Government introduced protection of Women Against Sexual Harassment at Workplace Bill, 2010, which aims at protecting the women at workplace not only to women employee but also to female clients, customer, students, research scholars in colleges and universities patients in hospitals. The Bill was passed in Lok Sabha on 3. 9. 2012. 4. CLASSIFICATION OF CRIME AGAINST WOMEN: These are broadly classified under two categories i. e. (A) The Crimes under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and, (B) The Crimes under the Special Local Laws (SLL). A. The Crimes under the Indian Penal Code (IPC): Seven Crimes included under this head are as follows: (i) Rape (Section 376 IPC) (incidence 24, 206, Rate: 2. 0) An increasing trend in cases of rape has been observed during 2007-08. A mixed trend in the incidence of rape has been observed during the periods 2008-11. These cases have reported an increase of 3. % in the year 2008 over the year 2007, a decline of 0. 3% in the year 2009 over 2008 and an increase of 3. 6% in the year 2010 over 2009 and further an increase of 9. 2% in the year 2011 over the year 2010. Madhya Pradesh has reported the highest number of Rape cases (3,406) accounting for 14. 1% of total such cases reported in the country. Mizoram has reported the highest crime rate 7. 1 as compared to National average of 2. 0. Ra pe cases have been further categorized as Incest Rape and other Rape cases. Incest Rape (Incidence†¦267) Incest rape cases have decreased by 7. 3% from 288 cases in 2010 to 267 cases in 2011 as compared to 9. 2% increase in overall Rape cases. Maharashtra (44 cases) has accounted for the highest (15. 3%) of the total such cases reported in the country Table at Annexure – I. Rape Victims There were 24,270 victims of Rape out of 24,206 reported Rape cases in the country. 10. 6% (2,582) of the total victims of Rape were girls under 14 years of age, while 19. 0% (4,646) victims were teenage girls (14-18 years). 54. 7% (13,264) victims were women in the age-group 18-30 years. However, 15. 0% (3637) victim s were in the age-group of 30-50 years while 0. 6% (141 victims) was over 50 years of age. The details are given in Table at Annexure -I. Offenders were known to the victims in as many as 22,549 (94. 2%) cases. Parents/close family members were involved in 1. 2% (267 out of 22,549) of these cases, neighbors were involved in 34. 7% cases (7,835 out of 22,549 cases) and relatives were involved in 6. 9% (1560 out of 22,549 cases). The State / UT / City-wise details are presented in Table at Annexure-II. (ii) Kidnapping Abduction (Sec. 63-373 IPC) (Incidence†¦35, 565, Rate†¦2. 9) These cases have reported an increase of 19. 4% during the year as compared to previous year (29,795 cases). Uttar Pradesh with 7,525 cases has accounted for 21. 2% of the total cases at the National level. Delhi UT has reported the highest crime rate at 12. 4 as compared to the National average of 2. 9 10 Table at Annexure-III. (iii) Dowry Death (Sec. 302, 304B IPC) and Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 A unique form of violence experienced by women is Dowry Death and now, the most common one. These cases have increased by 2. % during the year 2011 over the previous year (8,391 cases). 26. 9% of the total such cases reported in the country were reported from Uttar Pradesh (2,322) cases alone followed by Bihar (1,413 cases) (16. 4%). The highest rate of crime (1. 4) was reported from Bihar as compared to the National average of 0. 7 Table at Annexure-III. (iv) Torture (Cruelty by Husband Relatives) (Sex. 498-A IPC) (Incidence †¦99,135, Rate†¦8. 2) ‘Torture’ cases in the country have increased by 5. 4% over the previous year (94,041 cases). 19. % of these were reported form West Bengal (19,772 cases). The highest crime rate of 21. 6 was also reported from West Bengal as compared to the National rate at 8. 2 Table at Annexure-III. (v) Molestation (Sec. 354 IPC) (Incidence †¦. 42,968 Rate†¦3. 6) Incidents of Molestation in t he country have increased by 5. 8% over the previous year (40,613 cases). Madhya Pradesh has reported the highest incidence (6,665) amounting to 15. 5% of total such incidences. Kerala has reported the highest crime rate (11. 2. ) as compared to the National average of 3. Table at Annexure-III. (vi) Sexual Harassment (Sec. 509 IPC) (Incidence†¦8,570 Rate†¦0. 7) The number of such cases has decreased by 14. 0% during the year over the previous year (9,961 cases). Andhra Pradesh has reported 42. 7%(3,658 cases) followed by Maharashtra 12. 5%(1,071 cases) of total incidences during the year 2011. Andhra Pradesh has reported the highest crime rate (4. 3) as compared to the National average of 0. 7 Table at Annexure-III. Sexual harassment persists in many of the workplaces in India despite stringent legislation enforced against it. Sexual harassment of women is a violation of the fundamental right of women to work in a safe environment. (vii) Importation of Girls (Sec. 366-B IPC) (Incidence†¦80) An increase of 122. 2% has been observed in Crime Head as 80 cases were reported during the year 2011 as compared to 36 cases in the previous year (2010). Madhya Pradesh (45 cases), Bihar (10 cases) and Karnataka (12 cases have together contributed more than two-third of total such cases at the National level16 Table at Annexure-III. C. Reported Incidents of crime (Incidence†¦2,28, 650) A total of 2,28,650 incidents of crime against women (both under IPC and SLL) were reported in the country during the year 2011 as compared to 2,13,585 incidences in the year 2010 recording an increase of 7. 1% during the year 2011. Reported Incidents of crime : Year Cases 2007 1,85,312 2008 1,95,856 2009 2,03,804 2010 2,13,585 2011 2,28,650 West Bengal with 7. 5% share of country’s population has accounted for nearly 12. % of total crime against women by reporting 29,133 cases. Andhra Pradesh, accounting for nearly 7. 0% of the country’s population, has accounted for 12. 4% of total crimes against women in the country by reporting 28,246 cases in the year 201120 Table at Annexure-IV. Crime Rate (Crime rate†¦ 18. 9) : The rate of crime has increased marginally from 18. 0 in the year 2010 to 18. 9 during the years 2011. Tripura has reported the highest rate of crime against women at 37. 0 during the year 2011 a s compared to 18. 9 crime rate at the National level Table at Annexure-IV. Trend Analysis: The crime head-wise details of reported crimes during the year 2007 to year 2011 along with percentage variation are presented in Table-I(A) below. The crime against women during the year 2011 has increased by 7. 1% over the year 2010 and by 23. 4% over the year 2007. The IPC component of crimes against women has accounted for 95. 8% of total crimes and the rest 4. 2% were SLL crimes against women. The proportion of IPC crimes committed against women towards total IPC crimes has increased during last 5 years from 8. % in the year 2007 to 9. 4% during the year 2011. Table 1(A)| Crime Head-wise Incidents of Crime Against Women during 2007-2011 and Percentage variation in 2011 over 2010| Year| Sl. No|Crime Head|2007|2008|2009|2010|2011|Percentage variation in 2011 over 2010| 1. |Rape (Sec. 376 IPC)|20,737|21,467|21,397|22,172|24,206|9. 2| 2. |Kidnapping Abduction (Sec. 363 to 373 IPC)|20,416|22,939|25,741|29,795|35,565|19. 4| 3. |Dowry Death(Sec. 302 / 304 IPC)|8,093|8 ,172|8,383|8,391|8,618|2. 7| 4. |Cruelty by Husband and Relatives (Sec. 498-A IPC)|75,930|81,344|89,546|94,041|99,135|5. 4| 5. |Molestation (Sec. 54 IPC)|38,734|40,413|38,711|40,613|42,968|5. 8| 6. |Sexual Harassment (Sec. 509 IPC)|10,950|12,214|11,009|9,961|8,570|-14. 0| 7. |Importation of Girls (Sec. 366-B IPC)|61|67|48|36|80|122. 2| 8. |Sati Prevention Act, 1987|0|1|0|0|1|100. 0| 9. |Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956|3,568|2,659|2,474|2,499|2,435|-2. 6| 10. |Indecent Representation of women (Prohibition) Act, 1986|1,200|1,025|845|895|453|-49. 4| 11. |Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961|5,623|5,555|5,650|5,182|6,619|27. 7| Total|1,85,312|1,95,856|2,03,804|2,13,585|2,28,65|7. 1| Table 1(B)| Proportion of Crime against Women (IPC) towards total IPC crimes23| Sl. No. |Year|Total IPC Crimes|Crime Against women (IPC cases)|Percentage to total IPC crimes| 1. |2007|19,89,673|1,74,921|8. 8| 2. |2008|20,93,379|1,86,617|8. 9| 3. |2009|21,21,345|2,03,804|9. 2| 4. |2010|22,24,831|2,13,585|9. 6| 5. |2011|23,25,575|2,19,142|9. 4| AMENDMENTS TO THE INDIAN PENAL CODE: Amendment of section 100- In the Indian Penal Code (hereafter in this Chapter referred to as the Penal Code), in section 100, in the clause Secondly, after the words â€Å"grievous hurt†, the words â€Å"including the offence of grievous hurt punishable under section 326A† shall be inserted. Insertion of new section 166A: Public servant disobeying direction under law: 166A- Whoever, being a public servant,–– (a) knowingly disobeys any direction of the law which prohibits him from requiring the attendance at any place of any person for the purpose of investigation into an offence or any other matter, or (b) knowingly disobeys, to the prejudice of any person, any other direction of the law regulating the manner in which he shall conduct such investigation, or (c) fails to record any information given to him under subsection (1) of section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and in particular in relation to cognizable offence punishable under s e c t i o n 354, section 354A, section 354B, section 354C, sub-section (2) of section 354D, section 376, section 376A, section 376B, s ection 376C, section 376D or section 376E, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year or with fine or with both. †. Insertion of new sections 326A and 326B: Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc- 326A- Whoever causes permanent or partial damage or deformity to, or burns or maims or disfigures or disables, any part or parts of the body of a person or causes grievous hurt by throwing acid on or by administering acid to that person, or by using any other means with the intention of causing or with the knowledge that he is likely to cause such injury or hurt, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than ten years but which may extend to imprisonment for life and with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees: Provided that any fine imposed under this section shall be given to the person on whom acid was thrown or to whom acid was administered. 26B- Whoever throws or attempts to throw acid on any person or attempts to administer acid to any person, or attempts to use any other means, with the intention of causing permanent or partial d amage or deformity or burns or maiming or disfigurement or disability or grievous hurt to that person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than five years but which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation 1: For the purposes of section 326A and this section, â€Å"acid† includes any substance which has acidic or corrosive character or burning nature, that is capable of causing bodily injury leading to scars or disfigurement or temporary or permanent disability. Explanation 2: â€Å"Permanent or partial damage† includes deformity, or maiming, or burning, or disfiguring, or disabling any part or parts of the body of a person. Explanation 3: For the purposes of section 326A and this section, permanent or partial damage or deformity shall not be required to be irreversible. ’ Amendment of section 354: In section 354 of the Penal Code, for the words â€Å"shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both†, the words â€Å"shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term of one year which may extend to five years and shall also be liable to fine† shall be substituted. Insertion of new sections 354A, 354B, 354C and 354D: 354A: (1) The following acts or behaviour shall constitute the offence of sexual harassment–– (i)physical contact and advances involving unwelcome and explicit sexual overtures; or (ii) a demand or request for sexual favours; or (iii) making sexually coloured remarks; or (iv) forcibly showing pornography; or (v) any other unwelcome physical, verbal or non-verbal conduct of sexual nature. 2) Any person who commits the offence specified in clause (i) or clause (ii) of sub-section(1) shall be punished with rigorous impri sonment which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both. (3) Any person who commits the offence specified in clause (iii) or clause (iv) or clause (v) of sub-section (1) shall be punishable with imprisonment of either description that may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both. Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe: 354B- Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any woman or abets such act with the intention of disrobing or compelling her to be naked in any public place, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than three years but which may extend to seven years and with fine. Voyeurism: 354C- Whoever watches, or captures the image of, a woman engaging in a private act in circumstances where she would usually have the expectation of not being observed either by the perpetrator or by any other person at the behest of the perpetrator shall be punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than one year, but which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine, and be punished on a second or subsequent conviction, with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than three years, but which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation 1: For the purposes of this section, â€Å"private act† includes an act of watching carried out in a place which, in the circumstances, would reasonably be expected to provide privacy, and where the victims genitals, buttocks or breasts are exposed or covered only in underwear; or the victim is using a lavatory; or the person is doing a sexual act that is not of a kind ordinarily done in public. Explanation 2: Where the victim consents to the capture of images or any act, but not to their dissemination to third persons and where such image or act is disseminated, such dissemination shall be considered an offence under this section. Stalking: 354D- 1) Whoever follows a person and contacts, or attempts to contact such person to foster personal interaction repeatedly, despite a clear indication of disinterest by such person, or whoever monitors the use by a person of the internet, email or any other form of electronic communication, or watches or spies on a person in a manner that results in a fear of violence or serious alarm or distress in the mind of such person, or interferes with the mental peace of such person, commits the offence of stalking: Provided that the course of conduct will not amount to stalking if the person who pursued it shows–– (i) that it was pursued for the purpose of preventing or detecting crime and the person accused of stalking had been entrusted with the responsibility of prevention and detection of crime by the state; or (ii) that it was pursued under any law or to comply with any condition or requirement imposed by any person under any law; or (iii) that in the particular circumstances the pursuit of the course of conduct was reasonable. (2) Whoever commits the offence of stalking shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than one year but which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine. ’. Substitution of new sections 370 and 370A for section 370: Trafficking of person: 370- (1) Whoever, for the purpose of exploitation, (a) recruits, (b) transports, (c) harbours, (d) transfers, or (e) receives, a person or persons, by–– First–– using threats, or Secondly–– using force, or any other form of coercion, or Thirdly–– by abduction, or Fourthly–– by practicing fraud, or deception, or Fifthly–– by abuse of power, or Sixthly–– by inducement, including the giving or receiving of payments or benefits, in order to achieve the consent of any person having control over the person recruited, transported, harbored, transferred or received, commits the offence of trafficking. Explanation 1: The expression â€Å"exploitation† shall include, prostitution or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude, or the forced removal of organs. Explanation 2: The consent of the victim is immaterial in a determination of the offence of trafficking. 2) Whoever commits the offence of trafficking shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than seven years, but which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine. (3) Where the offence involves the trafficking of more than one p erson, it shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than ten years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. (4) Where the offence involves the trafficking of a minor, it shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than ten years but which may extend to imprisonment for life. 5) Where the offence involves the trafficking of more than one minor at the same time, it shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than fourteen years but which may extend to imprisonment for life. (6) When a public servant including police officer is involved in the trafficking of a minor then such public servant shall be punished with imprisonment for life, which shall mean the remainder of that person’s natural life. (7) If a person is convicted of the offence of trafficking of minors, on more than one occasion, then such person shall be punished with imprisonment for life, which shall mean imprisonment for the remainder of that person’s natural life. Employing of a trafficked person: 370A. 1. Whoever, despite knowing, or having reason to believe that a child has been trafficked, employs such child in any form of labour, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than five years but which may extend to seven years, and with fine. 2. Whoever, despite knowing or having reason to believe that an adult has been trafficked, employs such adult for labour, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than three years but which may extend to five years, and shall also be liable to fine. ’. Substitution of new sections for sections 375, 376, 376A, 376B, 376C and 376D: 1. Sexual assault: 375 A person is said to commit â€Å"sexual assault† f that person– (a) Penetrates his penis, to any extent, into the vagina, mouth urethra or anus of another person or makes the person to do so with him or any other person; or (b) inserts, to any extent, any object or a part of the body, not being the penis , into the vagina, the urethra or anus of another person or makes the person to do so with him or any other person; or (c) manipulates any part of the body of another person so as to cause penetration into the vagina, urethra, anus or any part of body of such person or makes the person to do so with him or any other person; or (d) applies his mouth to the penis, vagina, anus, urethra of another person or makes such person to do so with him or any other person; (e) touches the vagina, penis, anus or breast of the person or makes the person touch the vagina, penis, anus or breast of that person or any other person, except where such penetration or touching is carried out for proper hygienic or medical purposes under the circumstances falling under any of the following seven descriptions:–– First: Against the other person’s will. Second: Without the other person’s consent. Thirdly: With the other person’s consent when such consent has been obtained by putting such other person or any person in whom such other person is interested, in fear of death or of hurt. Fourthly : When the person assaulted is a female, with her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes to be lawfully married. Fifthly: With the consent of the other person when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication or the administration by that person personally or through another of any stupefying or unwholesome substance, the other person is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that action to which such other person gives consent. Sixthly : With or without the other person’s consent, when such other person is under eighteen years of age. Seventhly: When the person is unable to communicate consent. Explanation 1: Penetration to any extent is â€Å"penetration† for the purposes of this section. Explanation 2: For the purposes of this section, â€Å"vagina† shall also include labia majora. Explanation 3: Consent means an unequivocal voluntary agreement when the person by words, gestures or any form of non-verbal communication, communicates willingness to participate in the specific act: Provided that, a person who does not physically resist to the act of penetration shall not by the reason only of that fact, be regarded as consenting to the sexual activity. Exception: Sexual intercourse or sexual acts by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under sixteen years of age, is not sexual assault. 2. Punishment for sexual assault: 376- (1) Whoever, except in the cases provided for by sub-section(2) commits sexual assault, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than seven years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. (2) Whoever,–– (a) being a police officer, commits sexual assault – i. within the limits of the police station to which such police officer is appointed; or ii. in the premises of any station house; or iii. n a person in such police officer’s custody or in the custody of a police officer subordinate to such police officer; or (b) being a public servant, commits sexual assault on a person in such public servant’s custody or in the custody of a public servant subordinate to such public serv ant; or (c) being a member of the armed forces is in the area by virtue of deployment by the Central or a State Government, commits sexual assault; or (d) being on the management or on the staff of a jail, remand home or other place of custody established by or under any law for the time being in force or of a women’s or children’s institution, commits sexual assault on any inmate of such jail, remand home, place or institution; or (e) being on the management or on the staff of a hospital, commits sexual assault on a person in that hospital; or (f) being a relative, guardian or teacher of, or a person in a position of trust or authority towards, the person assaulted, commits sexual assault on such person; or (g) commits sexual assault on a woman knowing her to be pregnant; or (h) commits sexual assault on a person when such person is nder eighteen years of age; or (i) commits sexual assault, where the person assaulted is incapable of giving consent; or (j) being in a p osition of economic or social dominance, commits sexual assault on a person under such dominance; or (k) commits sexual assault on a person suffering from mental or physical disability; or (l) while committing sexual assault causes grievous bodily harm or maims or disfigures or endangers the life of a person; or (m) commits persistent sexual assault, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than ten years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation 1: a) â€Å"women’s or children’s institution† means an institution, whether called an orphanage or a home for neglected women or children or a widow’s home or an institution called by any other name, which is established and maintained for the reception and care of women or children; (b) â€Å"hospital† means the precincts of the hospital and includes the precincts of any institution for the reception and treatment o f persons during convalescence or of persons requiring medical attention or rehabilitation; (c) â€Å"police officer† shall have the same meaning as assigned to the expression â€Å"police† under the Police Act, 1861; (d) â€Å"armed forces† means the naval, military and air forces and includes any member of the Armed Forces constituted under any Act for the time being in force, including the paramilitary forces and any auxiliary forces that are under the control of the Central Government or the State Government. Explanation 2: Where a person is subjected to sexual assault by one or more persons in a group of persons acting in furtherance of their common intention, each of the persons in the group shall be deemed to have committed sexual assault within the meaning of this sub-section. 3. Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of the victim: 376A- Whoever, commits an offence punishable under sub-section (1) or sub section (2) of section 376 and in the course of such commission inflicts an injury which causes the death of the person or causes the person to be in a persistent vegetative state, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than twenty ears, but which may extend to imprisonment for life, which shall mean the remainder of that person’s natural life, or with death. 4. Sexual assault by husband upon his wife during separation: 376B- Whoever commits sexual assault on his own wife, who is living separately unde r a decree of separation or under any custom or usage, without her consent, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description, for a term which shall not be less than two years but which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. 5. Sexual intercourse by a person in authority: 376C. Whoever,–– (a) being in a position of authority or in a

Definition Essay on Racism

Definition Essay on Racism Definition Essay on Racism When writing an essay on racism, you will be expected to share your special understanding about the issue of racism in more than just a sentence. With this type of essay, you should not rely on common definitions from dictionaries or encyclopedias, but you should base your essay on a deeper level of understanding. Tolerance is of foremost importance when you one sets to composing an essay concerning racism or similar topics. Select the words and expressions very carefully not to insult someones feelings or beliefs, as – you know – sometimes the words may hurt really in a severe way. The first thing you should do is select the topic of your paper. Make sure you select an abstract word or phrase with a complex meaning so that you will have the opportunity to tackle it from many perspectives. It will also be easier for you to create the content to complete this type of essay paper. If you select an easy topic, chances are you will be done with the essay definition in a sentence of two, and the other sentences will be what you intentionally include for the purpose of completing the content. However, if the word or phrase you define is straight-forward and simple, it may be challenging to make the essay paper interesting, but if the topic is a disputable one such as racism, then you will have many opportunities to play around with the words and end up with an interesting essay paper. Racism is something that means different things to different people and this gives you the chance to explore several meanings of the word. Then, you could even state which definition you think is best out of the many available. Just be sure that, with a definition, you analyze words to come up with a unique definition. If the definition you end up writing in your essay paper is one the reader is likely to have, then the reader is likely to perceive the essay as one that lacks depth. This is something you never want your reader to perceive about your writing. Even as you search for a complex word or phrase to define, you should always choose something very familiar. Racism is a great word to base your definition essay on, because it is a word that has been defined many times by different texts. This allows you the opportunity to read the many available definitions and come up with your own definition in reference to what you have read. This topic has already been defined and explored by many writers, so you will have the opportunity to define it in a unique and stand out from the others. At writing service you can buy a custom definition essay on any related topic. Your essay will be written by one of professional writers hired by our company.

Benjamin Franklin as a Self Made Man essays

Benjamin Franklin as a Self Made Man essays As a young man, Benjamin Franklin knew poverty. His family had little money, and he helped in his father's candle and soap factory by the time he was ten. Young Franklin had little formal schooling. He remembered, "I continued, however, at the grammar-school not quite one year, though in that time I had risen gradually from the middle of the class of that year to be the head of it" (Franklin 3). He loved to read, and this was one of the things that led him to eventual success. He wrote, "From a child I was fond of reading, and all the little money that came into my hands was ever laid out in books" (Franklin 5). His rise to fame and fortune is quite amazing when considering his beginnings, which were quite humble. His father apprenticed him to his brother James when Franklin was only twelve; so much of his early life was spent laboring, rather than learning. This makes his later years even more amazing, when he was known for his wit and writings. By the time he was sixteen, he was writing anonymous essays for his brother's newspaper, and his writing was already becoming popular with readers. One historian wrote, "Virtually all of his writing arose from particular circumstances, served an immediate purpose, and had a deliberate intent. If we may judge from the abundant written remains, his thought and philosophy grew hand in hand with the full life he led" (Ketcham 4). Eventually, young Benjamin took over the paper from his brother, but his writings were so controversial that it did not succeed. He noted, "During my brother's confinement, [] notwithstanding our private differences, I had the management of the paper; and I made bold to give our rulers some rubs in it (Franklin 9). At the age of seventeen, he left Boston and traveled to Philadelphia, where he really began to make a name for himself, but struggled with poverty and positions. Throughout all hi...

Japanese Writing for Beginners

Japanese Writing for Beginners Writing might be one of the most difficult, but also fun, parts of learning Japanese. The Japanese dont use an alphabet. Instead, there are three types of scripts in Japanese: kanji, hiragana and katakana. The combination of all three is used for writing. Kanji Roughly speaking, kanji represents blocks of meaning (nouns, stems of adjectives and verbs). Kanji was brought over from China around 500 C.E. and thus are based on the style of written Chinese characters at that time. The pronunciation of kanji became a mixture of Japanese readings and Chinese readings. Some words are pronounced like the original Chinese reading. For those more familiar with Japanese, you might realize that kanji characters do not sound like their modern-day Chinese counterparts. This is because kanji pronunciation is not based on modern-day Chinese language, but the ancient Chinese spoken around 500 C.E.   In terms of pronouncing kanji, ththere are two different methods:  on-reading  and  kun-reading. On-reading (On-yomi) is the Chinese reading of a kanji character. It is based on the sound of the kanji character as pronounced by the Chinese at the time the character was introduced, and also from the  area  it was imported. Kun-reading (Kun-yomi) is the native Japanese reading associated with the meaning of the word. For a clearer distinction and an explanation of how to decide between on-reading and  kun-reading,  read what  is  On-reading and Kun-reading? Learning kanji can be intimidating as there are thousands of unique characters. Start building your vocabulary by learning the top 100 most common kanji characters used in Japanese newspapers. Being able to recognize frequently used characters in newspapers is a good introduction to practical words used every day.   Hiragana The other two scripts, hiragana and katakana, are both kana systems in Japanese. Kana system is a syllabic phonetic system similar to the alphabet. For both scripts, each character typically corresponds with one syllable. This is unlike kanji script, in which one character can be pronounced with more than one syllable.   Hiragana characters are used to express the grammatical relationship between words. Thus, hiragana is used as sentence  particles  and to inflect adjectives and verbs. Hiragana is also used to convey native Japanese words that do not have a kanji counterpart, or it is used as a simplified version of a complex kanji character. In order to emphasize style and tone in literature, hiragana can take the place of kanji in order to convey a more casual tone. Additionally, hiragana is used as a pronunciation guide to kanji characters. This reading aid system is called furigana. There are 46 characters in hiragana syllabary, consisting of 5 singular vowels, 40 consonant-vowel unions and 1 singular consonant. The curvy script of hiragana comes from the cursive style of Chinese calligraphy popular at the time when hiragana was first introduced to Japan. At first, hiragana was looked down upon by educated elites in Japan who continued to used only kanji. Consequently, hiragana first became popular in Japan among women as women were not granted the high levels of education available to men. Because of this history, hiragana is also referred to as onnade, or womens writing.   For tips on how to properly write hiragana, follow these stroke-by-stroke guides.   Katakana Like hiragana, katakana is a form of Japanese syllabary. Developed in 800 C.E. during the Heian period, katakana consists of 48 characters including 5 nucleus vowels, 42 core  syllabograms  and 1 coda consonant. Katakana is used transliterate foreign names, the names of foreign places and loan words of foreign origin. While kanji are borrowed words from ancient Chinese, katakana is used to transliterate modern-day Chinese words. This Japanese script is also used for onomatopoeia, the technical scientific name of animals and plants. Like italics or boldface in Western languages, katakana is used to create emphasis in a sentence.   In literature, katakana script can replace kanji or hiragana in order to emphasize a characters accent. For instance, if a foreigner or, like in manga, a robot is speaking in Japanese, their speech is often written in katakana. Now that you know what katakana is used for, you can learn how to write katakana script with these numbered stroke guides. General Tips If you want to learn Japanese writing, start with hiragana and katakana. Once you are comfortable with those two scripts, then you can begin to learn kanji. Hiragana and katakana are simpler than  kanji,  and have only 46 characters each. It is possible to write an entire Japanese sentence in hiragana. Many childrens books are written in hiragana only, and Japanese children start to read and write in hiragana before making an attempt to learn some of the two thousand kanji commonly used. Like most Asian languages, Japanese can be written vertically or horizontally. Read more about when one should write vertically versus horizontally.

Write paper on gender in History of california Essay

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